Central District Health Dept

Tick-Borne Diseases in Nebraska

Stay Tick-Smart: What You Need to Know About Tick-Borne Diseases in Nebraska

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As the weather warms and Nebraskans head outdoors to enjoy parks, trails, and backyards, it’s important to stay aware of tiny creatures that can carry big health risks—ticks. These small arachnids are more than just a nuisance; they can transmit serious diseases to humans and animals.

Tick-Borne Diseases Found in Nebraska

In Nebraska, several species of ticks are active, especially during the spring, summer, and early fall. These ticks can carry and spread a variety of diseases, including:

• Lyme Disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
  Although more common in the northeastern and upper midwestern U.S., Lyme disease cases have been reported in Nebraska, particularly from ticks carried by migratory birds or pets.

• Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsia rickettsii)
  This potentially serious disease can be transmitted by the American dog tick, which is common in Nebraska.

• Tularemia (Francisella tularensis)
  Known as “rabbit fever,” tularemia can be spread through tick bites, especially from the Lone Star tick or dog ticks, both found in our state.

• Ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia chaffeensis and others)
  Typically transmitted by the Lone Star tick, this illness can cause flu-like symptoms and is increasingly detected in the region.

• Anaplasmosis (Anaplasma phagocytophilum)
  Though more frequently found in the upper Midwest, cases have been identified in Nebraska, and surveillance continues as its presence may be expanding.

• Heartland Virus
  A relatively new and rare virus identified in the Midwest, including states neighboring Nebraska, with potential presence through Lone Star ticks.

• Alpha-gal Syndrome
  A unique allergic reaction to red meat, triggered by a bite from the Lone Star tick, which is increasingly found in Nebraska.

Why This Matters

While not every tick carries disease, a single bite from an infected tick can lead to weeks—or even months—of illness if not detected and treated early. Tick-borne diseases can affect anyone, but children, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems are particularly at risk.

Prevention Is Key

• Avoid tall grasses and brushy areas.

• Use EPA-registered insect repellents containing DEET or permethrin.

• Wear long sleeves and tuck pants into socks when hiking or working outdoors.

• Check your body, clothing, and pets for ticks after being outside.

• Remove ticks promptly and correctly using fine-tipped tweezers.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you develop a fever, rash, joint pain, or flu-like symptoms within a few weeks of a tick bite or outdoor exposure, contact your healthcare provider. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to preventing complications.